04 January 2019

Trench of Bayonets World War I France




Not far from Douamont is the memorial to the soldiers in the Trench of the Bayonets. A German offensive resulted in men completely covered in their trenches. What was visible was their bayonets sticking up through the ground.

The memorial remembers the French soldiers. Because of the theft of bayonets, crosses now mark the sacred soil.


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The Battle of Verdun France




The Battle of Verdun was the longest battle in recent history, which began 21 February and extended until 15 December 1916.

The city of Verdun is located on the River Meuse. The Germans has gained control of the high ground on the east side of the river.



The plan of attack was devised by German Chief of Staff, Erich von Falkenhayn. The attack, following bombrdment, was led by Crown Prince Whilhelm. The plan was supposed to quickly take the French out of the war before the British Empire could become fully engaged. But later in the year, the British drew German troops away to the Battle of the Somme.



The nearby Verdun Memorial Museum was modernised, expanded, and reopened in 2016, which was the centenary of the First World War battle.

Visitors can view artefacts from the battlefield and learn the history of the Battle of Verdun in the context of the War.

The French and their allies held their ground despite the use of gas.



A marker reminds visitors of the crucial supply line along the Voie Sacrée.


Dioramas attempt to help visitors glimpse the battlefield terrain.



A simple plane represents the changes coming to modern warfare.






Not far away is the impressive hilltop American Memorial to the Meuse-Argonne offensive.


The Battle of Verdun included fighting at Fort Douamont and Vaux on the right bank. Many are buried at the Douaumont Ossuary and cemetery.


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Douamont Ossuary and Cemetery France World War I



The Battle of Verdun resulted in some 700,000 casualties with 230,000 killed. Many unidentified soliders are among those whose bones lie within the ossuary.


The ossuary is atop a hill near the town of Verdun, which is known for the longest battle of the Great War.



Below the hilltop is a cemetery.


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Voie Sacrée Memorial France


When the Germans attacked Verdun, the French depended not only on their troops but also on those who supplied the army with millions of tons of supplies along with millions of fighting men.

It's worth stopping at the monument to remember the massive effort required to defend the West from invasion.

Soliders, trucks, and horse drawn wagons constantly passed this way.




Large storyboards display photographs of the historic effort, which can be compared to the same countryside a hundred years later.





















It is hard to imagine the swift pace of the flow as trucks headed to Verdun at the rate of one every 14 seconds during "regular" supply times and one every five seconds during the height of conflict.




It's easy to see why this route is a scared way--truly an important stop on the way to Verdun.

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01 January 2019

Vieil Armand Battlefield - Hartmannswillerkopf National Monument France



Hartmannswillerkopf was the site of many battles between 26 December 1914 to 9 January 1916. It is a national monument to the Great War.




It is located in the Alsatian plain. Hartmannswillerkopf is also known at the Vieil Armand in French.











About 30,000 soldiers died in this area.


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Ilfurth German World War I Cemetery France


This German cemetery contains the graves of 1964 German soldiers of World War I.



One grave identified the first German soldier who died 2 August 1914, Lieutenant Albert Mayer.




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Pfetterhouse and World War I France



The Pfetterhouse marks the end point of The World War I Western Front. Along the road from the house pictured above is the Swiss border.
















In the wooded area nearby are trenchworks with storyboards describing the battlefield.















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Rumanian Military Cemetery Soultzmatt France



This is the largest Rumanian cemtery in France. There are 553 graves for the dead of World War I. The cemetery was opened in 1924 by King Ferdinant and Queen Marie of Rumania.












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Le Ligne Museum and Trenches France


The museum, set in the Vosges, contains objects found on the battlefield as well as full size figures of French and German soldiers.
























Outside is a path to the French and German trenches that scar the beautiful hilly landscape.



























Memorial museum website link

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American Memorial Meuse Argonne France



The largest number of American soldiers in Europe are buried at this site. 

The soldiers died during the Meuse-Argonne offensive of World War I and total 14,246.

Video of the Memorial









On site are a memorial, cemetery, and visitor center, which was reopened in 2016.



Inside the visitor center





















Some of the soldiers remain here but others were buried in the US.




US website link


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Romagne 14-18 WWI Museum Romagne-sous-Montfaucon France



An informal but extensive collection of military artefacts from World War I can be found in this museum-gift shop-restaurant in Romagne.




































The building itself does not appear like a modern museum but it's worth a visit to step inside.
And it's not a bad place for lunch.




The village is small and worth a walkabout




















At the opposite end of the village from the church is a street named for General Pershing, which leads to the American Cemetery.




















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